Ok. I’m not sure how to begin this. The point is that I was completely caught off guard on Friday when a student journalist (Diya Chacko) called me to ask for an interview for the Daily Trojan, the USC campus newspaper. I was caught off guard because when I asked what it was about she said that I was the most cited Black Mathematician of 2004. (Photo left by Alicia Anderson. See below.)
So I was caught off guard for a number of reasons. The first was because I was not aware that I was a Mathematician, but I later learned that the term meant someone working in “mathematics or a related field at American Universities or Colleges”. Close enough. The second reason was stronger: Who is counting, and why?! So I did a bit of Googling (as you do) and learned that the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education seems to do this! There’s actually an article about it in one of their issues, and there is a web link here. Apparently they gathered data about (the?) 96 such Mathematicians (above meaning understood) and I’m at the top of the list with 65 citations for 2004. I’ve no idea how they count this at all, but, ok. That’s not what causes me concern. (While Googling about this I also found that this has been picked up by a number of other sources (many of which are new to me): the Daily Princetonian, the M.A.D. (Mathematicians of the African Diaspora - I like that acronym) website at Buffalo, a website called Africanamerica -where I’m mentioned only a few scroll strokes above Zadie Smith! Wow, that’s a first!- and the blog the Diary of a Black Mathematician - a real one. I’ve no idea how I missed this buzz about me until now.)
Anyway, the USC article was written, and it was about more than just the 65 cites, so that’s good. They recognized some of my teaching efforts on campus and had rather pleasant and touching remarks from a colleague, Krzysztof Pilch, and Lexi Shiovitz, a student from my Spring freshman physics class. (Thanks!) And I got to talk to an enthusiastic student journalist (Diya Chacko) and hang out with an equally enthusiastic student photographer (Alicia Anderson, who took the excellent photo top left, and 87 others in 20 minutes), which is always fun, so what’s not to like? (Disclaimer: I did mention that string theory is a candidate model of Nature and still needs to be experimentally tested, and I did tell them that I got my PhD. from Southampton University, and that my work on four dimensional black holes was back in 1996, and I did mention this blog several times, but, you know…editors.)
So what causes me concern? Well let me say at the outset that it is very flattering indeed to be congratulated for things such as this, and I recognize that given the appalling state of the representation of black people in academic subjects such as Physics and Mathematics -both as students and as faculty, etc- it is vitally important to keep track of how the current faculty are doing. But I am not sure that it helps to measure us in this particular way. None of these articles seem to bother to mention that it is not completely meaningful to compare citations across subject disciplines like that. So with the appropriate weighting for activity in the field, I could well be at the bottom of the list! But a much much more important omission is any mention of how this level of citation compares to those of people who are not of African descent. Partly because I do not come from the USA’s cultural approach to “black issues”, I have some disagreement with some of the way these things are done in general: I do not want to be considered a successful Scientist of African Descent. I want to be considered a successful Scientist (by any commonly agreed measure) who happens to be of African Descent. I hope that the difference is clear, and not offensive to my very respected colleagues of colour. In other words, recognize that I’ve achieved whatever you’re recognizing me for as a human being first and foremost, and then feel free to remark upon whether you think this achievement is all the more interesting (and maybe remarkable …or not) given the several extra obstacles I had to (and still have to) surmount in order to acheive it.
On the other hand, I know that I live in the real world. So while I strive to help to create a world where it will be totally unremarkable that someone of my skin colour and background can do well in the “hardest of the hard sciences”, I recognize that we are a long way away from that. But I do think that we need to be careful how we use the data that we gather. I’m just not sure it is useful to compare me only to my colleagues of African Descent. And with regards the role model issue (since that is always a factor): Should the next generations coming up be aspiring to be good scientists of colour, or good scientists? I’d hope the latter, and so we should try to highlight how well people are doing on that scale. I’m willing to be argued with about this: Tell me otherwise, with reasons.
-cvj
Daily *Trojan*??!!
How boastful can you get!
Hi Clifford,
Although I agree to most of what you said, but in my opinion there IS a point in mentioning the achievements of black string theorists. And the point is the issue of role model and stereo types. I can very well imagine that a college going black kid be discouraged by all the white faculty and all the white people in the text books to thinking physics might not be the kind of thing which his kind traditionaly do. I do think it will be good for a black kid to know that there are other blacks who are actualy acomplished people in the field.
Let me tell you about my personal experience. I come from Pkaistan in particular punjab province. For me having to know that Salam from my province, who was educated untill masters was from very ordinary local institutions, could win a Noble Prize was a great moral boast, that no matter if you belong to third wolrd, there are still chances that you can excell in something as ellite as physics. (btw there is even a strong stereotype in all of indian subcontinent that punjabis are not very intelligent) Other than that there is a general feeling because of colonial past that every thing good and new , specialy in science, can only come from west.
Well its true that infact its just human beings (who are gifted enough, work hard enough and get chances ect ect) who achieve things and they just happen to be of certain color or nationality, but still it can be a source of inspiration that the things can actualy be achieved in the face of odds, or where there are less examples in the past. So a good example does help. (there were a few other examples from other parts of subcontinent, but in case of Salam it was even better to know that even a muslim can do)
btw I still hold the stereo type that russians make the best mathematicians, and americans (or anyone else) cant beat europeans in theoretical physics. (its just my way of paying tribute to the great masters).
the one Intelligently designed: Thanks, but you’ve misunderstand my point, I think. I thought I made it clear that I also agree that the role model issue is an important one. But I repeat my key question, with my answer: “Should the next generations coming up be aspiring to be good scientists of colour, or good scientists? I’d hope the latter, and so we should try to highlight how well people are doing on that scale.”
So what I’m questioning is the point of measuring my research output against other black people, as against other people in general. Let me go to the extreme. Let us go back to a recent time when no black people had any publications or citations in this field. Then you could argue that everybody black in that field was doing ok, since they were doing equally well in comparison to each other, no? So no further effort needed.
-cvj
Hi clifford,
I agree with you. Now I got your point that you dont want to be compared with only black scientists, but with scientists in general. And I totaly agree with you. Thats how it should be.
yes. Well-meaning attempts like this only serve to reinforce racial stereotypes. By comparing you to blacks only, it’s as if you couldn’t compete with whites. Just the message they want to send! It’s a sad and frustrating feature of the left’s current approach to the racial problem.
But you can use this situation for good. I’d suggest submitting an op-ed to all the papers that featured you (and to more if they’ll take it), explaining your position. Since you’re a minority, the left might even deign to consider your position. (might)
If you want any background on “USA’s cultural approach to black issues,” you can ask me, but I must warn you that I’m quite the reactionary.
(just in case you haven’t matched the name, we had an email conversation about racial issues earlier in the summer)
-Sam
P.S. As an aside, I think it’s funny and sad in the usual combination that Princeton as opposed to Harvard or Yale or any other school of that esteem picked up on this to feature you. Princeton is where white students who love and want to help poor blacks but are too afriad to live in a city where they might actually run in to them tend to go. (okay, okay, so this one might be a bit unfair, but like all generalizations, there’s truth in there somewhere…)
Cliffor, I agree with you 100%. To tell you the truth, I had no idea of your skin color before this post. This has not prevented me from enjoying your posts tremendously.
So at least for me, you are not an interesting black science blogger, but an interesting science blogger (who happens to be of African descent =)
I guess this goes to prove the old saying, “On the Internet no one knows you’re a dog”.
There is always this need for heroes in society Clifford and for some, you will be used like this.
What makes it extremely nice is that you would remind us that these ideas of racial divide, would and could have an effect. How would you measure a “good man” if you had put something in the way like this. Based on his color of skin?
No, I like to think you are a good man Clifford, regardless, even if there is a Jim Gates or a Ronald Mallet out there.:)
So who are these people?
Jim Gates-a supersymmetrist from superspace-All Republicans are supposed to be conservatives, and all Democrats are supposed to be liberals. At least that’s the stereotype. But, in fact, some Democrats are conservative. And some Republicans, are, well, moderate. So, you can break the stereotype also in the world of particles, and that’s the idea of supersymmetry. It’s purely hypothetical, but we sure hope it’s there, because it will be very interesting for the next millennium.
http://superstringtheory.com/people/jgates.html
and Ronald Mallet-hopes to produce the first piece of technology that eventually will allow him to build a time machine. It will be a device that employs lasers to actually twist space. He proposes to transport subatomic particles through time, using a circle of laser beams.
http://www.foundation.uconn.edu/meet_some_faculty.htm
In light of Sean’s posting about Lisa Randall, two posts after yours, I’d point out that Clifford is also very easy on the eyes.
antti -
Interestingly, until this post I thought clifford was a big red dog! Never the less: clifford, kudos to you despite your humanity.
Cheers,
Antii, KenL, kmeson:
Thanks. You’re too easily fooled by uploaded photos. Dogs and Cats can upload photos just as easily as they can type, you know.
[meow]
-cvj
First: Congrats! Seriously.
Secondly: While your reservations are duly noted, I think there is relatively little harm from such forms of recognition. Perhaps you might compare it say to the French honoring the “French particle physicist of the year.” Surely they already do this in some fashion and I can’t imagine it has any deletrious effect.
Those who take interest in such matters may do so, and those who consider them irrelevant may continue to ignore them.
On the positive side, the issue of role models has already been mentioned. This research was published in a forum for people who might be particularly interested in the progress of people in a similar situation to themselves. Admittedly, it would be more informative if a comparison was given to the entire population, but I think the probable interests of the target audience was satisfied by highlighting some succesful folks.
So in conclusion (1) It seems fairly harmless (2) At least some people might be positively motivated by this sort of thing.
OK, I mentioned your blog, and even quoted from it. In fact the entire thing was much longer.
The story just above it was a piece on how black enrollment at USC was down to only 6 percent. I’m pretty sure the editors were trying to fit these two pieces together subject-wise. As a result, they shortened and replaced a lot.
Anyway, I really enjoyed interviewing you.
Hi Diya. Yes…I’m pretty sure you did a great job, from your questions and followup questions. I understand that there are editors….
And thanks again…I had a great time!
Cheers,
-cvj
A cat ? …. Oh I see it now. I hadn’t looked closely at the scratchings on the white board.
One of the things I love about Physics and Math is the mantle (or aura? - can’t think of a better word right now) of objectivity re. demographics of its practitioners, that surrounds these fields. Yes, I know about the various mathematical traditions ascribed to, say, the French or the Russians but someone of Chinese or Nigerian descent could also successfully take up these approaches.
A theorem or an experimental result could (in theory :))be presented and critiqued w/o any allusion to the originator’s demographics. (I presume that this is not the case in disciplines such as Sociology.) It would be nice if we could all hide behind cartoon Disney characters and discuss Physics/Math (or anything else) over the internet. But unfortunately at some point the human beings involved have to come out of their hidey holes and interact with their audience in person. This is when human biases enter into the equations.
Is it a “good thing” to deliberately refer to a scientist’s demographics? I would suggest that it is unneccesary in written communication UNLESS the context is biographical. Often a name and/or photo points to one’s demographic traits so why belabour the point? Also, with the global mixing we see now, it could often result in useless or misleading connotations, as in the case of Clifford who grew up outside the USA. As much as possible, let people judge your work w/o judging YOU in the process.
As far as being role models for kids, let them see the diversity in science (and in the world in general!) as a matter of course w/o someone consciously pointing out demographic traits. Hopefully they will grow up less conflicted about this whole issue if presented bereft of the unease it currently evokes.
It’s useful to note that not all that long ago, a prominent scientist being Jewish was remarkable; nowadays, Jewish scientists are a dime a dozen, and if you ask the average person-on-the-street to name five famous physicists, probably at least two (starting with Einstein, of course) will be Jewish. This is something that changed within a couple of generations. Let’s hope we can say the same about black scientists in the near future.
Oh yeah, being ordinary-looking doesn’t keep a woman’s looks from being remarked, it just means not often being told you’re beautiful. And for having your looks constantly commented on, nothing beats being pregnant.
Darn, I posted the above in the wrong thread. Please disregard.
” I do not want to be considered a successful Scientist of African Descent. I want to be considered a successful Scientist (by any commonly agreed measure) who happens to be of African Descent.”
I completely agree with the above remarks, and I think it was an excellent post.
That having been said–65 citations is fantastic for anyone, and I am really quite confident saying that you are not being cited as such because you are African American, but because you are an extremely talented theoretical physicist.
Cheers,
NM
Nothing to add to this important discussion about race and science, so I’ll just be shallow: IMHO, Clifford, you’re just as hot, if not hotter than, Halle Berry. (But, then, women ain’t really my thing. *LOL*)
Thanks Frank!! -cvj
“yes. Well-meaning attempts like this only serve to reinforce racial stereotypes. By comparing you to blacks only, it’s as if you couldn’t compete with whites. Just the message they want to send! It’s a sad and frustrating feature of the left’s current approach to the racial problem.”
While I agree these “mathematicians of african descent” articles do seem a little condescending, I don’t think the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education is attempting to be condescending to people of African descent. It’s list of Black Mathematicians is there becuase the JBHE assists African-Americans in entering Academia. Why their tracking Clifford I don’t understand becuase he’s not African-American, but the point of the institute is to keep track of the number of African-Americans in Academia and to do something about it. The JBHE is almost exactly like the Irish and Jewish institutes for higher learning that popped up hundreds of years ago in the U.S. to assist then minority and concieved of as “outsider” groups into academia etc.I don’t think tracking by race is the problem, I think perceiving by race is the problem. The JBHE also publishes the race relations reporter which if your looking for a genuine scare is worth a read sometime.
[cvj replaced extract with a link to same.]
BTW the last news item I posted is from the race relations reporter and I’m sorry if it offends anyone on this blog.
peace,
a
andrew. thanks.
three things:
(1) I don’t have a problem with the existence and aims of the JBHE. I just think that they are missing out on doing the best job they can if they do not compare the academics they are studying to their peers in comparable fields, regardless of race. You need to track all aspects of progress, but remember to put it correctly in context….
You said: “I don’t think tracking by race is the problem, I think perceiving by race is the problem.” Yes: This is precisely my point!
(2) I am not African American, but I am black. The journal is JBHE, not JAAHE. And I live and work in America. So it is appropriate to track me.
(3) I replaced your extract with a link to the reporter’s page with the same material.
Cheers,
-cvj
Clifford, I don’t think I was argueing with your points as much as with the poster of the comment:
“yes. Well-meaning attempts like this only serve to reinforce racial stereotypes. By comparing you to blacks only, it’s as if you couldn’t compete with whites. Just the message they want to send! It’s a sad and frustrating feature of the left’s current approach to the racial problem.â€
but appreciate the feedback. Perhaps you should ask the LBHE to compare the acheivements of African-Americans to researchers outside of their race. They might be open to the idea. A new category in their studies =)
peace,
A
andrew: Thanks. Perhaps. But, there’s not enough hours in the day to do all I want to do…fight all the battles I want to fight…sing all the songs I want to sing, etc.
Maybe someone will just send them the link to this very blog post to which this comment thread belongs.
Cheers,
-cvj
got it.
e-mailing it in a second.
peace,
A
gosh! i did not mean anyone in particular…. but thanks….Let us hope they “get it”.
-cvj
Congrats for the well-deserved honor, But how does this level of citation compare to all other Physicists? Don’t leave us hanging that way.
rcriii - Thanks. I’ve no idea, frankly. I also don’t know what they were counting. Paper alone? Citations to the book too?
-cvj
[...] Of course, this is a very good thing overall (see an earlier discussion here , here and here -including the illuminating sometimes depressing discussion threads- about increasing the number of times that young people are made aware of a career choice that they can make that society tells them that they can’t make), and I’m very willing to help where I can. [...]
[...] Oh, and guess how he heard about me? Do you remember that post I wrote on this blog entitled “I’m Not Sure What This Means“, about that article that was done about me being the most cited Black Mathematician of 2005, as studied by the Journal of Blacks in Higher Education? Well, he saw the article in that journal, and thought that I would be a person to ask to talk in his church. So what was the point of the exercise? Well, had that article not been written, he might never have heard of me. So that’s one meaning that the article had, right there. That alone is probably enough of a point, I think. [...]
[...] Of course, this is a very good thing overall (see earlier discussions here, here, and here -including the illuminating sometimes depressing discussion threads- (and more recently here, here and here, for example) about increasing the number of times that young people are made aware of a career choice that they can make that society, through the media, etc, tells them that they can’t make), and I’m very willing to help where I can. [...]